A waldi sigogi na electrode baka waldi yafi hada da lantarki diamita, walda halin yanzu, baka ƙarfin lantarki, yawan waldi yadudduka, ikon tushen irin da polarity, da dai sauransu.
1. Zaɓin diamita na lantarki
Zaɓin diamita na lantarki ya dogara da dalilai kamar kauri na walda, nau'in haɗin gwiwa, matsayi na walda da matakin walda.A kan yanayin rashin tasiri ingancin walda, don haɓaka yawan aiki, gabaɗaya ayan zaɓi mafi girman diamita na lantarki.
Don sassan walda tare da kauri mafi girma, yakamata a yi amfani da lantarki mai girma diamita.Don walƙiya lebur, diamita na lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi na iya zama mafi girma;don walƙiya a tsaye, diamita na lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi bai wuce 5 mm ba;don walƙiya a kwance da walƙiya na sama, diamita na lantarki da ake amfani da shi gabaɗaya bai wuce mm 4 ba.A cikin yanayin walƙiya mai yawa tare da ramukan layi ɗaya, don hana faruwar lahani na shigar da bai cika ba, yakamata a yi amfani da na'urar diamita na 3.2 mm don farkon Layer na weld.A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, ana iya zaɓar diamita na lantarki bisa ga kauri na walda (kamar yadda aka jera a cikin Table TQ-1).
| Table: TQ-1 | Dangantaka tsakanin diamita na lantarki da kauri | |||
| Kaurin walda (mm) | ≤2 | 3-4 | 5-12 | >12 |
| Diamita na Electrode (mm) | 2 | 3.2 | 4-5 | ≥5 |
2. Selection na walda halin yanzu
Girman walda halin yanzu yana da babban tasiri akan ingancin walda da yawan aiki.Idan halin yanzu ya yi ƙanƙara, baƙar ba ta da ƙarfi, kuma yana da sauƙin haifar da lahani irin su haɗaɗɗen slag da shigar da bai cika ba, kuma yawan aiki ya ragu;idan na yanzu ya yi girma sosai, akwai yuwuwar faruwar lahani kamar yankewa da konewa, kuma spatter yana ƙaruwa.
Saboda haka, lokacin walda tare da lantarki baka waldi, waldi halin yanzu ya kamata ya dace.Girman walda a halin yanzu yana samuwa ne ta hanyar abubuwa kamar nau'in lantarki, diamita na lantarki, kaurin walda, nau'in haɗin gwiwa, wurin sararin walda da matakin walda, daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci sune diamita na lantarki da wuri na walda.Lokacin amfani da na'urorin ƙarfe na tsarin gabaɗaya, alaƙar da ke tsakanin walƙiyar halin yanzu da diamita na lantarki za a iya zaɓar ta hanyar dabara: I = kd
A cikin dabara, Ina wakiltar halin yanzu walda (A);yana wakiltar diamita na lantarki (mm);
k yana wakiltar ƙididdiga masu alaƙa da diamita na lantarki (duba Table TQ-2 don zaɓi).
| Table: TQ-2 | kdarajar ga daban-daban electrode diameters | |||
| d/mm | 1.6 | 2-2.5 | 3.2 | 4-6 |
| k | 15-25 | 20-30 | 30-40 | 40-50 |
Bugu da kari, da sarari matsayi na walda ne daban-daban, da kuma girman walda halin yanzu shi ma daban-daban.Kullum, na yanzu a tsaye waldi ya zama 15% ~ 20% ƙasa da cewa a lebur waldi;A halin yanzu na kwance waldi da sama waldi ne 10% ~ 15% kasa da cewa a lebur waldi.A waldi kauri ne babba, kuma babba iyaka na halin yanzu ana sau da yawa dauka.
Alloy karfe electrodes tare da ƙarin alloying abubuwa gabaɗaya suna da mafi girman juriya na lantarki, babban haɓakar haɓakar thermal, babban halin yanzu yayin waldawa, kuma wutar lantarki yana da saurin ja, yana haifar da shafi ya faɗi da wuri, yana shafar ingancin walda, kuma abubuwan alloying suna ƙonewa. da yawa, don haka walda The halin yanzu an rage daidai da.
3. Zaɓin ƙarfin wutar lantarki
Ana ƙayyade ƙarfin ƙarfin baka ta tsawon baka.Idan baka yana da tsayi, ƙarfin baka yana da girma;idan baka gajere ne, karfin baka ya yi kadan.A cikin aikin walda, idan baka ya yi tsayi da yawa, baka zai kone ba tare da tsayayye ba, spatter zai karu, shiga zai ragu, kuma iskan waje zai iya mamaye mutane cikin sauki, yana haifar da lahani kamar pores.Don haka ana buƙatar tsayin baka ya zama ƙasa da ko daidai da diamita na lantarki, wato gajeriyar walda ta baka.Lokacin amfani da na'urar lantarki na acid don waldawa, don dumama ɓangaren da za a yi walda ko rage zafin narkakkar tafki, wani lokaci ana ɗan shimfiɗa baka don walda, abin da ake kira dogon arc waldi.
4. Zaɓin adadin adadin waldawa yadudduka
Multi-Layer walda ne sau da yawa amfani da baka waldi na matsakaici da kauri faranti.Ƙarin yadudduka suna da amfani don inganta filastik da taurin walda, musamman ga sasanninta na lanƙwasa sanyi.Duk da haka, wajibi ne don hana cututtuka masu illa na overheating haɗin gwiwa da kuma fadada yankin da ke fama da zafi.Bugu da ƙari, karuwa a cikin adadin yadudduka yana kula da ƙara lalacewa na walda.Saboda haka, dole ne a ƙayyade ta hanyar cikakkiyar la'akari.
5. Zaɓi nau'in samar da wutar lantarki da polarity
Wutar wutar lantarki ta DC tana da tsayayyen baka, ƙaramin spatter da ingancin walda mai kyau.Ana amfani da shi gabaɗaya don walda mahimman tsarin walda ko faranti mai kauri tare da manyan sifofi masu ƙarfi.
A wasu lokuta, yakamata ku fara la'akari da amfani da injin walda AC, saboda injin walda AC yana da tsari mai sauƙi, ƙarancin tsada, kuma sauƙin amfani da kulawa fiye da injin walda na DC.Zaɓin polarity yana dogara ne akan yanayin lantarki da halayen walda.Zazzabi na anode a cikin baka ya fi yanayin zafi na cathode, kuma ana amfani da polarities daban-daban don walda daban-daban.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-30-2021