SMAW, wanda kuma aka fi sani da electrode arc waldi, hanya ce ta fusion waldi wanda wutar lantarki ke jawo baka kuma ana narkar da sassan walda da zafin baka.Ita ce hanyar walda wacce aka fi amfani da ita a yanzu.
Arc al'amari ne na tafiyar da iska.Bakin walda wani lamari ne mai ƙarfi da tsayin daka wanda aka haifar a cikin matsakaicin iskar gas tsakanin lantarki da kayan aikin.A lokacin aikin walda, lantarki da walƙiya suna haɗa su da na'urori biyu na tushen wutar lantarki.Lokacin walda core na lantarki ya tuntuɓi saman walda, ana kunna kewayawa, kuma ana haifar da babban ɗan gajeren lokaci a lokaci guda.Tun da akwai wani juriya a lamba, bisa ga Q = I2Rt, za a samar da zafi mai yawa a can, kuma zafi zai yi zafi da sauri kuma ya narke lamba.Lokacin da aka ɗaga wutar lantarki ta 2 ~ 4mm, matsakaicin iskar gas tsakanin lantarki da walƙiya yana ionized, yana samar da electrons masu sarrafawa da ions masu kyau.Ƙarƙashin aikin filin lantarki, electrons suna motsawa zuwa anode, kuma ions masu kyau suna motsawa zuwa cathode.Suna yin karo da sake haɗuwa gabaɗaya, suna canza kuzarin motsa jiki zuwa makamashin zafi, ta haka ne suke samar da haske mai ƙarfi da zafi mai ƙarfi, da samar da baka tsakanin ƙarshen lantarki da walƙiya.
Arc yana narkar da ƙarshen lantarki da walƙiya mai dacewa a lokaci guda.Karfe na walda ya narke ya zama narkakkar tafki, kuma karfen lantarki ya narke ya zama digo.Narkakken ɗigon ruwa yana shiga cikin narkakken tafkin ƙarƙashin aikin nauyi da ƙarfin busa baka, su haɗa da ƙarfe na walda, kuma su samar da walƙiya bayan ƙarfafawa.A lokacin aikin walda, rufin ya narke don samar da ƙwanƙwasa kuma ana samar da iskar gas mai yawa, wanda ke ba da kariya da kuma maganin ƙarfe na narkakkar.
Bakin walda ya ƙunshi sassa uku: yankin cathode, yankin anode da yankin arc shafi.Yankin cathode yana fitar da electrons, kuma zafin jiki yayi ƙasa, kusan 2400K;yankin anode yana karɓar electrons, kuma zafin jiki yana da girma, kusan 2600K;tsakiyar zafin jiki na arc ginshiƙi ne mafi girma, game da 6000 ~ 8000K.
Lokacin amfani da tushen wutar lantarki na DC arc (kamar arc waldi rectifier) don waldawa, akwai hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa guda biyu: ingantacciyar haɗi da haɗin baya.Ingantacciyar haɗi ita ce hanyar haɗin da aka haɗa wutar lantarki zuwa gurɓataccen lantarki kuma an haɗa kayan aikin zuwa ingantaccen lantarki.Tun da tabbataccen lantarki yana karɓar electrons kuma yana haifar da ƙarin zafi, walƙiya yana da sauƙin shiga, don haka ana amfani da wannan hanyar haɗin gwiwa don walda mafi kauri workpieces.Haɗin baya shine hanyar haɗin da aka haɗa da lantarki zuwa ingantacciyar lantarki kuma an haɗa aikin aikin zuwa gurɓataccen lantarki.Tun da zafin da electrons ke fitarwa ta hanyar rashin wutar lantarki ya ragu, walda ba ta da sauƙi don ƙonewa, don haka ana amfani da wannan hanyar haɗin gwiwa don walda kayan aiki na bakin ciki.
Zafin da baka walda ke samarwa yayi daidai da samfurin ƙarfin ƙarfin baka da walƙiyar halin yanzu (watau Q=IUt).Yawanci, wutar lantarki tsakanin walda da na'urar lantarki lokacin da baka ya tsayayye ana kiransa da ƙarfin wutar lantarki, kuma ƙarfin ƙarfin baka yana cikin kewayon 20 ~ 35V.Saboda ƙarfin ƙarfin baka yana canzawa kaɗan, zafin baka yana daidaitawa ta hanyar daidaita yanayin walda a cikin samarwa.
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Lokacin aikawa: Dec-30-2022 