Walda halin yanzu, irin ƙarfin lantarki da waldi gudun su ne babban makamashi sigogi da cewa kayyade girman weld.
1. Welding halin yanzu
Lokacin da halin yanzu waldi ya karu (sauran yanayi bai canza ba), zurfin shigar ciki da tsayin daka na weld karuwa, da nisa na narkewa ba ya canzawa da yawa (ko dan kadan ya karu).Wannan saboda:
(1) Bayan haɓakar halin yanzu, ƙarfin baka da shigarwar zafi akan workpiece yana ƙaruwa, matsayin tushen zafi yana motsawa ƙasa, zurfin shigar ciki yana ƙaruwa.Zurfin shigar azzakarinsa yana kusan daidai da yanayin walda.
(2) Bayan haɓakar halin yanzu, adadin narkewar waya na walda yana ƙaruwa kusan daidai gwargwado, kuma ragowar tsayin yana ƙaruwa saboda faɗin narkewar ya kusa canzawa.
(3) Bayan haɓakar halin yanzu, diamita na ginshiƙi na baka yana ƙaruwa, amma zurfin baka submersible a cikin workpiece yana ƙaruwa, kuma kewayon motsi na tabo arc yana da iyakancewa, don haka nisa na narkewa ya kusan canzawa.
2. Arc ƙarfin lantarki
Bayan ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana ƙaruwa, ƙarfin baka yana ƙaruwa, shigarwar zafi na kayan aikin yana ƙaruwa, kuma tsayin baka yana ƙaruwa kuma radiyon rarraba yana ƙaruwa, don haka zurfin shigar ciki yana raguwa kaɗan kuma nisa na narkewa yana ƙaruwa.Tsayin da ya rage yana raguwa, saboda nisa na narkewa yana ƙaruwa, amma adadin narkewar wayar walda yana raguwa kaɗan.
3. Gudun walda
Lokacin da saurin walda ya ƙaru, ƙarfin yana raguwa, kuma zurfin shigar ciki da faɗin shigar ya ragu.Haka kuma an rage ragowar tsayin da aka yi, saboda adadin jigon ƙarfen waya a kan walda kowane tsawon raka'a ya yi daidai da saurin walda, kuma faɗin narkewar ya yi daidai da murabba'in gudun walda.
inda U ke wakiltar wutar lantarki na walda, Ni ne ƙarfin walda, na yanzu yana rinjayar zurfin shigar ciki, ƙarfin lantarki yana shafar nisa na narkewa, na yanzu yana da fa'ida don ƙonewa ba tare da konewa ba, ƙarfin lantarki yana da fa'ida ga ƙaramin spatter, biyu gyara ɗaya. daga cikinsu, daidaita sauran siga iya walda girman halin yanzu yana da babban tasiri a kan walda ingancin da waldi yawan aiki.
A waldi halin yanzu yafi rinjayar girman shigar azzakari cikin farji.Halin halin yanzu yana da ƙanƙanta, baka ba shi da kwanciyar hankali, zurfin shigar ƙarami ne, yana da sauƙi don haifar da lahani kamar shigar da ba a haɗa shi ba da haɗaɗɗen slag, kuma yawan aiki yana ƙasa;Idan na yanzu yana da girma sosai, walda yana da sauƙi ga lahani kamar yankewa da ƙonewa, kuma a lokaci guda yana haifar da spatter.
Sabili da haka, dole ne a zaɓi halin yanzu na walda yadda ya kamata, kuma ana iya zaɓar gabaɗaya bisa ga maƙasudin empirical gwargwadon diamita na lantarki, sannan a daidaita daidai gwargwadon matsayin walda, nau'in haɗin gwiwa, matakin walda, kaurin walda, da sauransu.
Ana ƙayyade ƙarfin ƙarfin baka ta tsawon baka, baka yana da tsayi, kuma ƙarfin ƙarfin baka yana da girma;Idan baka gajere ne, ƙarfin baka yana da ƙasa.Girman wutar lantarki na baka ya fi shafar nisa narkewar walda.
Karfe ya kamata ya yi tsayi da yawa yayin aikin walda, in ba haka ba, konewar baka ba ta da tabbas, yana kara zubewar karfe, kuma hakan zai haifar da porosity a cikin walda saboda mamayewar iska.Don haka, lokacin walda, yi ƙoƙari don amfani da gajerun baka, kuma gabaɗaya na buƙatar cewa tsayin baka bai wuce diamita na lantarki ba.
Girman saurin walda yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da yawan aiki na walda.Domin samun matsakaicin saurin walda, ya kamata a yi amfani da diamita mafi girma da walƙiyar halin yanzu a ƙarƙashin yanayin tabbatar da inganci, sannan a daidaita saurin walda yadda ya dace daidai da takamaiman yanayin don tabbatar da cewa tsayi da faɗin walda sun kasance. m gwargwadon yadda zai yiwu.
1. Short circuit miƙa mulki waldi
The short-kewaye miƙa mulki a CO2 baka waldi ne mafi yadu amfani, yafi amfani ga bakin ciki farantin da cikakken matsayi waldi, da kuma takamaiman sigogi ne baka irin ƙarfin lantarki waldi halin yanzu, waldi gudun, waldi kewaye inductance, gas kwarara da waldi waya tsawo tsawo. .
(1) Arc ƙarfin lantarki da walda halin yanzu, ga wani takamaiman walda diamita da waldi na halin yanzu (wato, waya gudun ciyarwa), dole ne su dace da dace baka ƙarfin lantarki domin a samu wani barga short circuit mika mulki, a wannan lokaci spatter ne. mafi ƙanƙanta.
(2) Welding kewaye inductance, babban aikin inductance:
a.Daidaita girman girma na di/dt na gajeriyar kewayawa, di/dt ya yi ƙanƙanta don sa manyan barbashi su fantsama har sai wani babban sashe na wayar walda ya fashe kuma an kashe baka, kuma di/dt ya yi girma don samar da babban adadin ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙarfe na spatter.
b.Daidaita lokacin ƙona baka da sarrafa shigar ƙarfen tushe.
c . Gudun walda.Gudun walda da sauri zai haifar da busa gefuna a bangarorin biyu na walda, kuma idan saurin walda ya yi jinkiri, lahani kamar ƙonawa da tsarin walda mara nauyi zai iya faruwa cikin sauƙi.
d . Gudun iskar gas ya dogara da dalilai kamar kauri irin nau'in haɗin gwiwa, ƙayyadaddun walda da yanayin aiki.Gabaɗaya, ƙimar iskar gas ɗin shine 5-15 L/min lokacin walda lafiya waya, da 20-25 L/min lokacin walda waya mai kauri.
e.Waya tsawo.Tsawon tsawo na waya mai dacewa ya zama 10-20 sau diamita na waya walda.A lokacin aikin walda, yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye shi a cikin kewayon 10-20mm, tsayin tsayi yana ƙaruwa, ƙarfin walda yana raguwa, shigar ƙarfe na tushe yana raguwa, kuma akasin haka, halin yanzu yana ƙaruwa kuma shigar yana ƙaruwa.Mafi girma da resistivity na walda waya, da mafi fili wannan sakamako ne.
f.Polarity samar da wutar lantarki.CO2 baka waldi gabaɗaya yana ɗaukar DC juyi polarity, ƙaramin spatter, arc barga tushen shigar ƙarfe yana da girma, gyare-gyare mai kyau, kuma abun ciki na hydrogen na ƙarfe na weld yayi ƙasa.
2. Fine-barbashi miƙa mulki.
(1) A cikin CO2 gas, don wani diamita na waya walda, lokacin da halin yanzu ya karu zuwa wani ƙima kuma yana tare da matsa lamba mafi girma, narkakken ƙarfe na waya mai waldawa zai tashi da yardar kaina zuwa cikin ruwa narkakkar da ƙananan barbashi, kuma wannan sigar miƙa mulki shine ƙaƙƙarfan juzu'i mai kyau.
A lokacin miƙa mulki na lafiya barbashi, da baka shigar azzakari cikin farji ne mai karfi, da tushe karfe yana da babban shigar azzakari cikin farji zurfin, wanda ya dace da matsakaici da lokacin farin ciki farantin waldi tsarin.Hakanan ana amfani da hanyar jujjuyawar DC don yin walda mai kyau-gyara.
(2) Yayin da ƙarfin halin yanzu ya ƙaru, dole ne a ƙara ƙarfin ƙarfin baka, in ba haka ba baka yana da tasirin wankewa a kan narkakkar tafki, kuma walƙiyar walda tana lalacewa, kuma haɓakar da ya dace a cikin wutar lantarki na arc zai iya guje wa wannan lamari.Duk da haka, idan ƙarfin ƙarfin baka ya yi girma sosai, fantsama zai ƙaru sosai, kuma a ƙarƙashin wannan halin yanzu, ƙarfin arc yana raguwa yayin da diamita na wayar walda ke ƙaruwa.
Akwai babban bambanci tsakanin CO2 lafiya barbashi miƙa mulki da jet miƙa mulki a TIG waldi.Canjin jet a cikin waldi na TIG shine axial, yayin da ingantaccen juzu'in juzu'i a cikin CO2 ba shi da axial kuma har yanzu akwai wasu spatter na ƙarfe.Bugu da kari, jet miƙa mulki iyaka halin yanzu a argon baka waldi yana da bayyane m halaye.(musamman welded bakin karfe da ferrous karafa), yayin da lafiya-grained mika mulki ba.
3. Matakan rage fesar karfe
(1) Daidaitaccen zaɓi na sigogi na tsari, ƙarfin walda na baka: Ga kowane diamita na waya walda a cikin baka, akwai wasu dokoki tsakanin ƙimar spatter da walƙiyar halin yanzu.A cikin ƙaramin yanki na yanzu, gajeriyar kewayawa
Fassarawar canjin ƙanƙanta ce, kuma yawan fantsama cikin babban yankin na yanzu (yankin canjin ɓarna mai kyau) shima ƙarami ne.
(2) kusurwar walda: fitilar walda tana da mafi ƙarancin adadin spatter lokacin da yake tsaye, kuma mafi girman kusurwar karkata, mafi girman spatter.Zai fi kyau a karkatar da bindigar walda gaba ko baya fiye da digiri 20.
(3) Tsawon tsawo na walda: Tsawon tsayin wariyar walda yana da tasiri mai girma akan spatter, tsawon tsayin wariyar walda yana ƙaruwa daga 20 zuwa 30mm, kuma adadin spatter yana ƙaruwa da kusan 5%, don haka tsawo yana ƙaruwa. Ya kamata a taqaitaccen tsayi gwargwadon yadda zai yiwu.
4. Daban-daban na garkuwar gas suna da hanyoyin walda daban-daban.
(1) Hanyar walda ta amfani da iskar CO2 azaman iskar gas ɗin garkuwa shine CO2 arc waldi.Ya kamata a shigar da preheater a cikin iskar iska.Saboda ruwa CO2 yana ɗaukar babban adadin kuzarin zafi yayin ci gaba da iskar gas, haɓakar ƙarar iskar gas bayan ɓacin rai ta mai rage matsa lamba kuma zai rage yawan zafin jiki na iskar gas, don hana danshi a cikin iskar CO2 daga daskarewa a cikin silinda kuma matsa lamba rage bawul da kuma toshe gas hanya, don haka CO2 gas yana mai tsanani da preheater tsakanin Silinda kanti da matsa lamba rage.
(2) Hanyar walda ta CO2 + Ar gas a matsayin garkuwar gas MAG hanyar waldawa ana kiranta kariyar iskar gas ta zahiri.Wannan hanyar walda ta dace da walƙiyar bakin karfe.
(3) Ar a matsayin hanyar walƙiya ta MIG don walƙiya garkuwar iskar gas, wannan hanyar walda ta dace da walƙiyar aluminum da aluminum gami.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-23-2023